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Leverage Ratio the Net Stable Funding Ratio Requirements for Own Funds and Eligible Liabilities Counterparty Credit Risk Market Risk Exposures to Central Counterparties Exposures to Collective Investment Undertakings Large Exposures Reporting and Disclosure Requirements and Regulation (EU) No 6482012 Regulation

Article 1: Amendments to Regulation (EU) No 575/2013

PRCIIFR is amended as follows:
1
Articles 1 and 2 are replaced by the following: ( *1 ) Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 establishing a framework for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms and amending Council Directive 82/891/EEC, and Directives 2001/24/EC, 2002/47/EC, 2004/25/EC, 2005/56/EC, 2007/36/EC, 2011/35/EU, 2012/30/EU and 2013/36/EU, and Regulations ESAEBAR and OTC, of the European Parliament and of the Council ( OJ L 173, 12.6.2014, p. 190 )." ( *2 ) Regulation 2014/806 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 July 2014 establishing uniform rules and a uniform procedure for the resolution of credit institutions and certain investment firms in the framework of a Single Resolution Mechanism and a Single Resolution Fund and amending ESAEBAR ( OJ L 225, 30.7.2014, p. 1 )." ( *3 ) Council Regulation 2013/1024 of 15 October 2013 conferring specific tasks on the European Central Bank concerning policies relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions ( OJ L 287, 29.10.2013, p. 63 ).’;"
2
Article 4 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is amended as follows:
i
point (7) is replaced by the following: ( *4 ) UCITS of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) ( OJ L 302, 17.11.2009, p. 32 )." ( *5 ) AIFMD of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on Alternative Investment Fund Managers and amending Directives 2003/41/EC and 2009/65/EC and Regulations CRAR and ESAESMAR ( OJ L 174, 1.7.2011, p. 1 ).’;"
‘7
‘collective investment undertaking’ or ‘CIU’ means a UCITS as defined in Article 1(2) of UCITS of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *4 ) or an alternative investment fund (AIF) as defined in point (a) of Article 4(1) of AIFMD of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *5 ) ;
ii
point (20) is replaced by the following:
‘20
‘financial holding company’ means a financial institution, the subsidiaries of which are exclusively or mainly institutions or financial institutions, and which is not a mixed financial holding company; the subsidiaries of a financial institution are mainly institutions or financial institutions where at least one of them is an institution and where more than 50 % of the financial institution's equity, consolidated assets, revenues, personnel or other indicator considered relevant by the competent authority are associated with subsidiaries that are institutions or financial institutions;’;
iii
point (26) is replaced by the following: ( *6 ) PSD2 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on payment services in the internal market, amending Directives 2002/65/EC, 2009/110/EC and 2013/36/EU and ESAEBAR, and repealing PSD ( OJ L 337, 23.12.2015, p. 35 ).’;"
‘26
‘financial institution’ means an undertaking other than an institution and other than a pure industrial holding company, the principal activity of which is to acquire holdings or to pursue one or more of the activities listed in points 2 to 12 and point 15 of Annex I to Directive 2013/36, including a financial holding company, a mixed financial holding company, a payment institution as defined in point (4) of Article 4 of PSD2 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *6 ) , and an asset management company, but excluding insurance holding companies and mixed-activity insurance holding companies as defined, respectively, in points (f) and (g) of Article 212(1) of SII;
iv
point (28) is replaced by the following:
‘28
‘parent institution in a Member State’ means an institution in a Member State which has an institution, a financial institution or an ancillary services undertaking as a subsidiary or which holds a participation in an institution, financial institution or ancillary services undertaking, and which is not itself a subsidiary of another institution authorised in the same Member State, or of a financial holding company or mixed financial holding company set up in the same Member State;’;
v
the following points are inserted:
‘29a
‘parent investment firm in a Member State’ means a parent institution in a Member State that is an investment firm;
29b
‘EU parent investment firm’ means an EU parent institution that is an investment firm;
29c
‘parent credit institution in a Member State’ means a parent institution in a Member State that is a credit institution;
29d
‘EU parent credit institution’ means an EU parent institution that is a credit institution;’;
vi
in point (39), the following paragraph is added: ‘Two or more natural or legal persons who fulfil the conditions set out in point (a) or (b) because of their direct exposure to the same CCP for clearing activities purposes are not considered as constituting a group of connected clients;’;
vii
point (41) is replaced by the following:
‘41
‘consolidating supervisor’ means a competent authority responsible for the exercise of supervision on a consolidated basis in accordance with Article 111 of Directive 2013/36;’;
viii
in point (71), the introductory phrase in point (b) is replaced by the following:
‘b
for the purposes of Article 97 it means the sum of the following:’;
ix
in point (72), point (a) is replaced by the following: ( *7 ) MIFID2 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on markets in financial instruments and amending IMD and AIFMD ( OJ L 173, 12.6.2014, p. 349 ).’;"
‘a
it is a regulated market or a third-country market that is considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with the procedure set out in point (a) of Article 25(4) of MIFID2 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *7 ) ;
x
point (86) is replaced by the following:
‘86
‘trading book’ means all positions in financial instruments and commodities held by an institution either with trading intent or to hedge positions held with trading intent in accordance with Article 104;’;
xi
point (91) is replaced by the following:
‘91
‘trade exposure’ means a current exposure, including a variation margin due to the clearing member but not yet received, and any potential future exposure of a clearing member or a client, to a CCP arising from contracts and transactions listed in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 301(1), as well as initial margin;’;
xii
point (96) is replaced by the following:
‘96
‘internal hedge’ means a position that materially offsets the component risk elements between a trading book position and one or more non-trading book positions or between two trading desks;’;
xiii
in point (127), point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
the institutions fall within the same institutional protection scheme as referred to in Article 113(7) or are permanently affiliated with a network to a central body;’;
xiv
point (128) is replaced by the following:
‘128
‘distributable items’ means the amount of the profits at the end of the last financial year plus any profits brought forward and reserves available for that purpose, before distributions to holders of own funds instruments, less any losses brought forward, any profits which are non-distributable pursuant to Union or national law or the institution's by-laws and any sums placed in non-distributable reserves in accordance with national law or the statutes of the institution, in each case with respect to the specific category of own funds instruments to which Union or national law, institutions' by-laws, or statutes relate; such profits, losses and reserves being determined on the basis of the individual accounts of the institution and not on the basis of the consolidated accounts;’;
xv
the following points are added: ( *8 ) Directive 2013/34 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on the annual financial statements, consolidated financial statements and related reports of certain types of undertakings, amending SAAACAD of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directives 78/660/EEC and 83/349/EEC ( OJ L 182, 29.6.2013, p. 19 )." ( *9 ) Directive 2004/109 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the harmonisation of transparency requirements in relation to information about issuers whose securities are admitted to trading on a regulated market and amending Directive 2001/34 ( OJ L 390, 31.12.2004, p. 38 ).’;"
‘130
‘resolution authority’ means a resolution authority as defined in point (18) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59;
131
‘resolution entity’ means a resolution entity as defined in point (83a) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59;
132
‘resolution group’ means a resolution group as defined in point (83b) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59;
133
‘global systemically important institution’ or ‘G-SII’ means a G-SII that has been identified in accordance with Article 131(1) and (2) of Directive 2013/36;
134
‘non-EU global systemically important institution’ or ‘non-EU G-SII’ means a global systemically important banking group or a bank (G-SIBs) that is not a G-SII and that is included in the list of G-SIBs published by the Financial Stability Board, as regularly updated;
135
‘material subsidiary’ means a subsidiary that on an individual or consolidated basis meets any of the following conditions: for the purpose of determining the material subsidiary, where Article 21b(2) of Directive 2013/36 applies, the two intermediate EU parent undertakings shall count as a single subsidiary on the basis of their consolidated situation;
a
the subsidiary holds more than 5 % of the consolidated risk-weighted assets of its original parent undertaking;
b
the subsidiary generates more than 5 % of the total operating income of its original parent undertaking;
c
the total exposure measure, referred to in Article 429(4) of this Regulation, of the subsidiary is more than 5 % of the consolidated total exposure measure of its original parent undertaking;
136
‘G-SII entity’ means an entity with legal personality that is a G-SII or is part of a G-SII or of a non-EU G-SII;
137
‘bail-in tool’ means a bail-in tool as defined in point (57) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59;
138
‘group’ means a group of undertakings of which at least one is an institution and which consists of a parent undertaking and its subsidiaries, or of undertakings that are related to each other as set out in Article 22 of Directive 2013/34 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *8 ) ;
139
‘securities financing transaction’ means a repurchase transaction, a securities or commodities lending or borrowing transaction, or a margin lending transaction;
140
‘initial margin’ or ‘IM’ means any collateral, other than variation margin, collected from or posted to an entity to cover the current and potential future exposure of a transaction or of a portfolio of transactions in the period needed to liquidate those transactions, or to re-hedge their market risk, following the default of the counterparty to the transaction or portfolio of transactions;
141
‘market risk’ means the risk of losses arising from movements in market prices, including in foreign exchange rates or commodity prices;
142
‘foreign exchange risk’ means the risk of losses arising from movements in foreign exchange rates;
143
‘commodity risk’ means the risk of losses arising from movements in commodity prices;
144
‘trading desk’ means a well-identified group of dealers set up by the institution to jointly manage a portfolio of trading book positions in accordance with a well-defined and consistent business strategy and operating under the same risk management structure;
145
‘small and non-complex institution’ means an institution that meets all the following conditions:
a
it is not a large institution;
b
the total value of its assets on an individual basis or, where applicable, on a consolidated basis in accordance with this Regulation and Directive 2013/36 is on average equal to or less than the threshold of EUR 5 billion over the four-year period immediately preceding the current annual reporting period; Member States may lower that threshold;
c
it is not subject to any obligations, or is subject to simplified obligations, in relation to recovery and resolution planning in accordance with Article 4 of Directive 2014/59;
d
its trading book business is classified as small within the meaning of Article 94(1);
e
the total value of its derivative positions held with trading intent does not exceed 2 % of its total on- and off-balance-sheet assets and the total value of its overall derivative positions does not exceed 5 %, both calculated in accordance with Article 273a(3);
f
more than 75 % of both the institution's consolidated total assets and liabilities, excluding in both cases the intragroup exposures, relate to activities with counterparties located in the European Economic Area;
g
the institution does not use internal models to meet the prudential requirements in accordance with this Regulation except for subsidiaries using internal models developed at the group level, provided that the group is subject to the disclosure requirements laid down in Article 433a or 433c on a consolidated basis;
h
the institution has not communicated to the competent authority an objection to being classified as a small and non-complex institution;
i
the competent authority has not decided that the institution is not to be considered a small and non-complex institution on the basis of an analysis of its size, interconnectedness, complexity or risk profile;
146
‘large institution’ means an institution that meets any of the following conditions:
a
it is a G-SII;
b
it has been identified as an other systemically important institution (O-SII) in accordance with Article 131(1) and (3) of Directive 2013/36;
c
it is, in the Member State in which it is established, one of the three largest institutions in terms of total value of assets;
d
the total value of its assets on an individual basis or, where applicable, on the basis of its consolidated situation in accordance with this Regulation and Directive 2013/36 is equal to or greater than EUR 30 billion;
147
‘large subsidiary’ means a subsidiary that qualifies as a large institution;
148
‘non-listed institution’ means an institution that has not issued securities that are admitted to trading on a regulated market of any Member State, within the meaning of point (21) of Article 4(1) of MIFID2;
149
‘financial report’ means, for the purposes of Part Eight, a financial report within the meaning of Articles 4 and 5 of Directive 2004/109 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *9 ) .
b
the following paragraph is added:
3
Article 6 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraph is inserted:
c
paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 are replaced by the following: ( *10 ) ISSCSDR of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on improving securities settlement in the European Union and on central securities depositories and amending Directives 98/26/EC and 2014/65/EU and Regulation 2012/236 ( OJ L 257, 28.8.2014, p. 1 ).’;"
4
Article 8 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 1, point (b) is replaced by the following:
‘b
the parent institution on a consolidated basis or the subsidiary institution on a sub-consolidated basis monitors and has oversight at all times over the liquidity positions of all institutions within the group or sub-group, that are subject to the waiver, monitors and has oversight at all times over the funding positions of all institutions within the group or sub-group where the net stable funding ratio (NSFR) requirement set out in Title IV of Part Six is waived, and ensures a sufficient level of liquidity, and of stable funding where the NSFR requirement set out in Title IV of Part Six is waived, for all of those institutions;’;
b
in paragraph 3, points (b) and (c) are replaced by the following:
‘b
the distribution of amounts, location and ownership of the required liquid assets to be held within the single liquidity sub-group, where the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) requirement as laid down in the delegated act referred to in Article 460(1) is waived, and the distribution of amounts and location of available stable funding within the single liquidity sub-group, where the NSFR requirement set out in Title IV of Part Six is waived;
c
the determination of minimum amounts of liquid assets to be held by institutions for which the application of the LCR requirement as laid down in the delegated act referred to in Article 460(1) is waived and the determination of minimum amounts of available stable funding to be held by institutions for which the application of the NSFR requirement set out in Title IV of Part Six is waived;’;
c
the following paragraph is added:
5
in Article 10(1), the introductory phrase of the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:
6
Article 11 is amended as follows:
a
paragraphs 1 and 2 are replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 3 is deleted;
c
the following paragraph is inserted:
d
paragraphs 4 and 5 are replaced by the following:
7
Article 12 is deleted;
8
the following article is inserted:
9
Articles 13 and 14 are replaced by the following:
10
in Article 15(1), the introductory phrase of the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:
11
Article 16 is replaced by the following:
12
Article 18 is replaced by the following:
13
Article 22 is replaced by the following
14
the title of Part Two is replaced by the following: ‘ OWN FUNDS AND ELIGIBLE LIABILITIES ’;
15
in Article 26, paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:
16
Article 28 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is amended as follows:
i
point (b) is replaced by the following:
‘b
the instruments are fully paid up and the acquisition of ownership of those instruments is not funded directly or indirectly by the institution;’;
ii
the following subparagraph is added: ‘For the purposes of point (b) of the first subparagraph, only the part of a capital instrument that is fully paid up shall be eligible to qualify as a Common Equity Tier 1 instrument.’;
b
in paragraph 3, the following subparagraphs are added: ‘The condition set out in point (h)(v) of the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 shall be considered to be met notwithstanding a subsidiary being subject to a profit and loss transfer agreement with its parent undertaking, according to which the subsidiary is obliged to transfer, following the preparation of its annual financial statements, its annual result to the parent undertaking, where all the following conditions are met: Where an institution has entered into a profit and loss transfer agreement, it shall notify the competent authority without delay and provide the competent authority with a copy of the agreement. The institution shall also notify the competent authority without delay of any changes to the profit and loss transfer agreement and the termination thereof. An institution shall not enter into more than one profit and loss transfer agreement.’;
a
the parent undertaking owns 90 % or more of the voting rights and capital of the subsidiary;
b
the parent undertaking and the subsidiary are located in the same Member State;
c
the agreement was concluded for legitimate taxation purposes;
d
in preparing the annual financial statement, the subsidiary has discretion to decrease the amount of distributions by allocating a part or all of its profits to its own reserves or funds for general banking risk before making any payment to its parent undertaking;
e
the parent undertaking is obliged under the agreement to fully compensate the subsidiary for all losses of the subsidiary;
f
the agreement is subject to a notice period according to which the agreement can be terminated only by the end of an accounting year, with such termination taking effect no earlier than the beginning of the following accounting year, leaving the parent undertaking's obligation to fully compensate the subsidiary for all losses incurred during the current accounting year unchanged.
17
in Article 33(1), point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
fair value gains and losses on derivative liabilities of the institution that result from changes in the own credit risk of the institution.’;
18
Article 36 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is amended as follows:
i
point (b) is replaced by the following:
‘b
intangible assets with the exception of prudently valued software assets the value of which is not negatively affected by resolution, insolvency or liquidation of the institution;’;
ii
the following point is added:
‘n
for a minimum value commitment referred to in Article 132c(2), any amount by which the current market value of the units or shares in CIUs underlying the minimum value commitment falls short of the present value of the minimum value commitment and for which the institution has not already recognised a reduction of Common Equity Tier 1 items.’;
b
the following paragraph is added:
19
in Article 37, the following point is added:
‘c
the amount to be deducted shall be reduced by the amount of the accounting revaluation of the subsidiaries' intangible assets derived from the consolidation of subsidiaries attributable to persons other than the undertakings included in the consolidation pursuant to Chapter 2 of Title II of Part One.’;
20
in Article 39(2), in the first subparagraph the introductory phrase is replaced by the following: ‘Deferred tax assets that do not rely on future profitability shall be limited to deferred tax assets which were created before 23 November 2016 and which arise from temporary differences, where all the following conditions are met:’;
21
in Article 45, point (a)(i) is replaced by the following:
‘i
the maturity date of the short position is either the same as, or later than the maturity date of the long position or the residual maturity of the short position is at least one year;’;
22
Article 49 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 2, the following subparagraph is added: ‘This paragraph shall not apply when calculating own funds for the purposes of the requirements laid down in Articles 92a and 92b, which shall be calculated in accordance with the deduction framework set out in Article 72e(4).’;
b
paragraph 3 is amended as follows:
i
in point (a)(iv), the last sentence is replaced by the following: ‘The consolidated balance sheet or the extended aggregated calculation shall be reported to the competent authorities with the frequency set out in the implementing technical standards referred to in Article 430(7)’;
ii
in point (a)(v), the first sentence is replaced by the following:
‘v
the institutions included in an institutional protection scheme meet together on a consolidated or extended aggregated basis the requirements laid down in Article 92 and carry out reporting of compliance with those requirements in accordance with Article 430.’;
23
Article 52(1) is amended as follows:
a
point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
the instruments are directly issued by an institution and fully paid up;’;
b
the introductory phrase of point (b) is replaced by the following:
‘b
the instruments are not owned by any of the following:’;
c
point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
the acquisition of ownership of the instruments is not funded directly or indirectly by the institution;’;
d
point (h) is replaced by the following:
‘h
where the instruments include one or more early redemption options including call options, the options are exercisable at the sole discretion of the issuer;’;
e
point (j) is replaced by the following:
‘j
the provisions governing the instruments do not indicate explicitly or implicitly that the instruments would be called, redeemed or repurchased, as applicable, by the institution other than in the case of the insolvency or liquidation of the institution and the institution does not otherwise provide such an indication;’;
f
point (p) is replaced by the following:
‘p
where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union or where the issuer is established in a Member State, the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the resolution authority to exercise the write-down and conversion powers referred to in Article 59 of that Directive, the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted to Common Equity Tier 1 instruments; where the issuer is established in a third country and has not been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union, the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the relevant third-country authority, the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;’;
g
the following points are added:
‘q
where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union or where the issuer is established in a Member State, the instruments may only be issued under, or be otherwise subject to the laws of a third country where, under those laws, the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers referred to in Article 59 of that Directive is effective and enforceable on the basis of statutory provisions or legally enforceable contractual provisions that recognise resolution or other write-down or conversion actions;
r
the instruments are not subject to set-off or netting arrangements that would undermine their capacity to absorb losses.’;
h
the following subparagraph is added: ‘For the purposes of point (a) of the first subparagraph, only the part of a capital instrument that is fully paid up shall be eligible to qualify as an Additional Tier 1 instrument.’;
24
in Article 54(1), the following point is added:
‘e
where the Additional Tier 1 instruments have been issued by a subsidiary undertaking established in a third country, the 5,125 % or higher trigger referred to in point (a) shall be calculated in accordance with the national law of that third country or contractual provisions governing the instruments, provided that the competent authority, after consulting EBA, is satisfied that those provisions are at least equivalent to the requirements set out in this Article.’;
25
in Article 59, point (a)(i) is replaced by the following:
‘i
the maturity date of the short position is either the same as, or later than the maturity date of the long position or the residual maturity of the short position is at least one year;’;
26
in Article 62, point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
capital instruments where the conditions set out in Article 63 are met, and to the extent specified in Article 64;’;
27
Article 63 is amended as follows:
a
the introductory phrase is replaced by the following: ‘Capital instruments shall qualify as Tier 2 instruments, provided that the following conditions are met:’;
b
point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
the instruments are directly issued by an institution and fully paid up;’;
c
in point (b), the introductory phrase is replaced by the following:
‘b
the instruments are not owned by any of the following:’;
d
points (c) and (d) are replaced by the following:
‘c
the acquisition of ownership of the instruments is not funded directly or indirectly by the institution;
d
the claim on the principal amount of the instruments under the provisions governing the instruments ranks below any claim from eligible liabilities instruments;’;
e
in point (e), the introductory phrase is replaced by the following:
‘e
the instruments are not secured or are not subject to a guarantee that enhances the seniority of the claim by any of the following:’;
f
points (f) to (n) are replaced by the following:
‘f
the instruments are not subject to any arrangement that otherwise enhances the seniority of the claim under the instruments;
g
the instruments have an original maturity of at least five years;
h
the provisions governing the instruments do not include any incentive for their principal amount to be redeemed or repaid, as applicable by the institution prior to their maturity;
i
where the instruments include one or more early repayment options, including call options, the options are exercisable at the sole discretion of the issuer;
j
the instruments may be called, redeemed, repaid or repurchased early only where the conditions set out in Article 77 are met, and not before five years after the date of issuance, except where the conditions set out in Article 78(4) are met;
k
the provisions governing the instruments do not indicate explicitly or implicitly that the instruments would be called, redeemed, repaid or repurchased early, as applicable, by the institution other than in the case of the insolvency or liquidation of the institution and the institution does not otherwise provide such an indication;
l
the provisions governing the instruments do not give the holder the right to accelerate the future scheduled payment of interest or principal, other than in the case of the insolvency or liquidation of the institution;
m
the level of interest or dividends payments, as applicable, due on the instruments will not be amended on the basis of the credit standing of the institution or its parent undertaking;
n
where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union or where the issuer is established in a Member State, the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the resolution authority to exercise the write-down and conversion powers referred to in Article 59 of that Directive, the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted to Common Equity Tier 1 instruments; where the issuer is established in a third country and has not been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as a part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union, the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the relevant third-country authority, the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;’;
g
the following points are added:
‘o
where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2014/59 as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the Union or where the issuer is established in a Member State, the instruments may only be issued under, or be otherwise subject to the laws of a third country where, under those laws, the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers referred to in Article 59 of that Directive is effective and enforceable on the basis of statutory provisions or legally enforceable contractual provisions that recognise resolution or other write-down or conversion actions;
p
the instruments are not subject to set-off or netting arrangements that would undermine their capacity to absorb losses.’;
h
the following paragraph is added: ‘For the purposes of point (a) of the first paragraph, only the part of the capital instrument that is fully paid up shall be eligible to qualify as a Tier 2 instrument.’;
28
Article 64 is replaced by the following:
29
in Article 66, the following point is added:
‘e
the amount of items required to be deducted from eligible liabilities items pursuant to Article 72e that exceeds the eligible liabilities items of the institution.’;
30
in Article 69, point (a)(i) is replaced by the following:
‘i
the maturity date of the short position is either the same as, or later than the maturity date of the long position or the residual maturity of the short position is at least one year;’;
31
the following chapter is inserted after Article 72: ( *11 ) DGSTERD of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on deposit guarantee schemes ( OJ L 173, 12.6.2014, p. 149 )." ( *12 ) SFIPSSSD of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 1998 on settlement finality in payment and securities settlement systems ( OJ L 166, 11.6.1998, p. 45 ).’;"
32
in Title I of Part Two, the title of Chapter 6 is replaced by the following: ‘ General requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities ’;
33
Article 73 is amended as follows:
a
the title is replaced by the following: ‘ Distributions on instruments ’;
b
paragraphs 1 to 4 are replaced by the following:
c
paragraph 6 is replaced by the following:
34
in Article 75, the introductory phrase is replaced by the following: ‘The maturity requirements for short positions referred to in point (a) of Article 45, point (a) of Article 59, point (a) of Article 69 and point (a) of Article 72h shall be considered to be met in respect of positions held where all the following conditions are met:’;
35
in Article 76, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
36
Article 77 is replaced by the following:
37
Article 78 is replaced by the following:
38
the following article is inserted:
39
Article 79 is amended as follows:
a
the title is replaced by the following: ‘Temporary waiver from deduction from own funds and eligible liabilities’;
b
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
40
the following article is inserted:
41
Article 80 is amended as follows:
a
the title is replaced by the following: ‘Continuing review of the quality of own funds and eligible liabilities instruments’;
b
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
c
in paragraph 3, the introductory phrase is replaced by the following:
42
in Article 81, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
43
Article 82 is replaced by the following:
44
in Article 83(1), the introductory phrase is replaced by the following:
45
the following article is inserted:
46
Article 92 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 1, the following point is added:
‘d
a leverage ratio of 3 %;’;
b
the following paragraph is inserted:
c
paragraph 3 is amended as follows:
i
points (b) and (c) are replaced by the following:
‘b
the own funds requirements for the trading-book business of an institution for the following:
i
market risk as determined in accordance with Title IV of this Part, excluding the approaches set out in Chapters 1a and 1b of that Title;
ii
large exposures exceeding the limits specified in Articles 395 to 401, to the extent that an institution is permitted to exceed those limits, as determined in accordance with Part Four;
c
the own funds requirements for market risk as determined in Title IV of this Part, excluding the approaches set out in Chapters 1a and 1b of that Title, for all business activities that are subject to foreign exchange risk or commodity risk;’;
ii
the following point is inserted:
‘ca
the own funds requirements calculated in accordance with Title V of this Part, with the exception of Article 379 for settlement risk.’;
47
the following articles are inserted:
48
Article 94 is replaced by the following:
49
in Title I of Part Three, Chapter 2 is deleted;
50
Article 102 is amended as follows:
a
paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 are replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraphs are added:
51
Article 103 is replaced by the following:
52
in Article 104, paragraph 2 is deleted;
53
the following articles are inserted:
54
Article 105 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 3 and 4 are replaced by the following:
c
paragraph 6 is replaced by the following:
d
in paragraph 7, the second subparagraph is replaced by the following: ‘For the purposes of point (d) of the first subparagraph, the model shall be developed or approved independently of the trading desks and shall be independently tested, including validation of the mathematics, assumptions and software implementation.’;
e
in paragraph 11, point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
the additional amount of time it would take to hedge out the position or the risks within the position beyond the liquidity horizons that have been assigned to the risk factors of the position in accordance with Article 325bd;’;
55
Article 106 is amended as follows:
a
paragraphs 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraphs are added:
56
in Article 107, paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:
57
in Article 117, paragraph 2 is amended as follows:
a
the following points are added:
‘o
the International Development Association;
p
the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.’;
b
the following subparagraph is added: ‘The Commission is empowered to amend this Regulation by adopting delegated acts in accordance with Article 462 amending, in accordance with international standards, the list of multilateral development banks referred to in the first subparagraph.’;
58
in Article 118, point (a) is replaced by the following:
‘a
the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community;’;
59
in Article 123, the following paragraph is added: ‘Exposures due to loans granted by a credit institution to pensioners or employees with a permanent contract against the unconditional transfer of part of the borrower's pension or salary to that credit institution shall be assigned a risk weight of 35 %, provided that all the following conditions are met:
a
in order to repay the loan, the borrower unconditionally authorises the pension fund or employer to make direct payments to the credit institution by deducting the monthly payments on the loan from the borrower's monthly pension or salary;
b
the risks of death, inability to work, unemployment or reduction of the net monthly pension or salary of the borrower are properly covered through an insurance policy underwritten by the borrower to the benefit of the credit institution;
c
the monthly payments to be made by the borrower on all loans that meet the conditions set out in points (a) and (b) do not in aggregate exceed 20 % of the borrower's net monthly pension or salary;
d
the maximum original maturity of the loan is equal to or less than ten years.’;
60
Article 124 is replaced by the following:
61
in Article 128, paragraphs 1 and 2 are replaced by the following:
62
Article 132 is replaced by the following:
63
the following articles are inserted:
64
in Article 144(1), point (g) is replaced by the following:
‘g
the institution has calculated under the IRB Approach the own funds requirements resulting from its risk parameters estimates and is able to submit the reporting as required by Article 430;’;
65
Article 152 is replaced by the following:
66
in Article 158, the following paragraph is inserted:
67
Article 164 is replaced by the following:
68
in Article 201(1), point (h) is replaced by the following:
‘h
qualifying central counterparties.’;
69
the following article is inserted:
70
Article 223 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 3, the second subparagraph is replaced by the following: ‘In the case of OTC derivative transactions, institutions using the method laid down in Section 6 of Chapter 6 shall calculate E VA as follows:
E VA = E.’;
b
in paragraph 5, the following subparagraph is added: ‘In the case of OTC derivative transactions, institutions using the methods laid down in Sections 3, 4 and 5 of Chapter 6 shall take into account the risk-mitigating effects of collateral in accordance with the provisions laid down in Sections 3, 4 and 5 of Chapter 6, as applicable.’;
71
Article 272 is amended as follows:
a
point (6) is replaced by the following:
‘6
‘hedging set’ means a group of transactions within a single netting set for which full or partial offsetting is allowed for determining the potential future exposure under the methods set out in Section 3 or 4 of this Chapter;’;
b
the following point is inserted:
‘7a
‘one way margin agreement’ means a margin agreement under which an institution is required to post variation margin to a counterparty but is not entitled to receive variation margin from that counterparty or vice-versa;’;
c
point (12) is replaced by the following:
‘12
‘current market value’ or ‘CMV’ means the net market value of all the transactions within a netting set gross of any collateral held or posted where positive and negative market values are netted in computing the CMV;’
d
the following point is inserted:
‘12a
‘net independent collateral amount’ or ‘NICA’ means the sum of the volatility-adjusted value of net collateral received or posted, as applicable, to the netting set other than variation margin;’;
72
Article 273 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 are replaced by the following:
c
the following paragraph is added:
73
the following articles are inserted:
74
in Chapter 6 of Title II of Part Three, Sections 3, 4 and 5 are replaced by the following:
75
in Article 283, paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:
76
Article 298 is replaced by the following:
77
in Article 299(2), point (a) is deleted;
78
Article 300 is amended as follows:
a
the introductory sentence is replaced by the following: ‘For the purposes of this Section and of Part Seven, the following definitions apply:’;
b
the following points are added:
‘5
‘cash transaction’ means a transaction in cash, debt instruments or equities, a spot foreign exchange transaction or a spot commodities transaction; however, repurchase transactions, securities or commodities lending transactions, and securities or commodities borrowing transactions, are not cash transactions;
6
‘indirect clearing arrangement’ means an arrangement that meets the conditions set out in the second subparagraph of Article 4(3) of OTC;
7
‘higher-level client’ means an entity providing clearing services to a lower-level client;
8
‘lower-level client’ means an entity accessing the services of a CCP through a higher-level client;
9
‘multi-level client structure’ means an indirect clearing arrangement under which clearing services are provided to an institution by an entity which is not a clearing member, but is itself a client of a clearing member or of a higher-level client;
10
‘unfunded contribution to a default fund’ means a contribution that an institution that acts as a clearing member has contractually committed to provide to a CCP after the CCP has depleted its default fund to cover the losses it incurred following the default of one or more of its clearing members;
11
‘fully guaranteed deposit lending or borrowing transaction’ means a fully collateralised money market transaction in which two counterparties exchange deposits and a CCP interposes itself between them to ensure the performance of those counterparties' payment obligations.’;
79
Article 301 is replaced by the following:
80
in Article 302, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
81
Article 303 is replaced by the following:
82
Article 304 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 are replaced by the following:
c
the following paragraphs are added:
83
Article 305 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 2 is amended as follows:
i
point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
the client has conducted a sufficiently thorough legal review, which it has kept up to date, that substantiates that the arrangements that ensure that the condition set out in point (b) is met are legal, valid, binding and enforceable under the relevant laws of the relevant jurisdiction or jurisdictions;’;
ii
the following subparagraph is added: ‘When assessing its compliance with the condition set out in point (b) of the first subparagraph, an institution may take into account any clear precedents of transfers of client positions and of corresponding collateral at a CCP, and any industry intent to continue with that practice.’;
c
paragraphs 3 and 4 are replaced by the following:
84
Article 306 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is amended as follows:
i
point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
where an institution acts as a financial intermediary between a client and a CCP, and the terms of the CCP-related transaction stipulate that the institution is not required to reimburse the client for any losses suffered due to changes in the value of that transaction in the event that the CCP defaults, that institution may set the exposure value of the trade exposure with the CCP that corresponds to that CCP-related transaction to zero;’;
ii
the following point is added:
‘d
where an institution acts as a financial intermediary between a client and a CCP, and the terms of the CCP-related transaction stipulate that the institution is required to reimburse the client for any losses suffered due to changes in the value of that transaction in the event that the CCP defaults, that institution shall apply the treatment in point (a) or (b), as applicable, to the trade exposure with the CCP that corresponds to that CCP-related transaction.’;
b
paragraphs 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
85
Article 307 is replaced by the following:
86
Article 308 is amended as follows:
a
paragraphs 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 4 and 5 are deleted;
87
Articles 309, 310 and 311 are replaced by the following:
88
in Article 316(1), the following subparagraph is added: ‘By way of derogation from the first subparagraph of this paragraph, institutions may choose not to apply the accounting categories for the profit and loss account under Article 27 of Directive 86/635/EEC to financial and operating leases for the purpose of calculating the relevant indicator, and may instead:
a
include interest income from financial and operating leases and profits from leased assets in the category referred to in point 1 of Table 1;
b
include interest expense from financial and operating leases, losses, depreciation and impairment of operating leased assets in the category referred to in point 2 of Table 1.’;
89
in Title IV of Part Three, Chapter 1 is replaced by the following:
90
in Title IV of Part Three, the following Chapters are inserted:
91
=
the total counterparty credit risk exposure value of counterparty ‘i’ (summed across its netting sets) including the effect of collateral in accordance with the methods set out in Sections 3 to 6 of Chapter 6 of Title II as applicable to the calculation of the own funds requirements for counterparty credit risk for that counterparty.’;
92
Article 385 is replaced by the following:
93
Article 390 is replaced by the following:
94
in Article 391, the following paragraph is added: ‘For the purposes of the first paragraph, the Commission may adopt, by means of implementing acts, and subject to the examination procedure referred to in Article 464(2), decisions as to whether a third country applies prudential supervisory and regulatory requirements at least equivalent to those applied in the Union.’;
95
Article 392 is replaced by the following:
96
Article 394 is replaced by the following:
97
Article 395 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 5 is replaced by the following:
98
Article 396 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is amended as follows:
i
the second subparagraph is replaced by the following: ‘Where the amount of EUR 150 million referred to in Article 395(1) is applicable, the competent authorities may allow the 100 % limit in terms of the institution's Tier 1 capital to be exceeded on a case-by-case basis.’;
ii
the following subparagraph is added: ‘Where, in the exceptional cases referred to in the first and second subparagraph of this paragraph, a competent authority allows an institution to exceed the limit set out in Article 395(1) for a period longer than three months, the institution shall present a plan for a timely return to compliance with that limit to the satisfaction of the competent authority and shall carry out that plan within the period agreed with the competent authority. The competent authority shall monitor the implementation of the plan and shall require a more rapid return to compliance if appropriate.’;
b
the following paragraph is added:
99
in Article 397, in Column 1 of Table 1, the term ‘eligible capital’ is replaced by the term ‘Tier 1 capital’;
100
Article 399 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:
101
Article 400 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 1, the first subparagraph is amended as follows:
i
point (j) is replaced by the following:
‘j
clearing members' trade exposures and default fund contributions to qualified central counterparties;’;
ii
the following points are added:
‘l
clients' trade exposures referred to in Article 305(2) or (3);
m
holdings by resolution entities, or by their subsidiaries which are not themselves resolution entities, of own funds instruments and eligible liabilities referred to in Article 45f(2) of Directive 2014/59 that have been issued by any of the following entities:
i
in respect of resolution entities, other entities belonging to the same resolution group;
ii
in respect of subsidiaries of a resolution entity that are not themselves resolution entities, the relevant subsidiary's subsidiaries belonging to the same resolution group;
n
exposures arising from a minimum value commitment that meets all the conditions set out in Article 132c(3).’;
b
paragraph 2 is amended as follows:
i
point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
exposures incurred by an institution, including through participations or other kinds of holdings, to its parent undertaking, to other subsidiaries of that parent undertaking, or to its own subsidiaries and qualifying holdings, in so far as those undertakings are covered by the supervision on a consolidated basis to which the institution itself is subject, in accordance with this Regulation, Directive 2002/87 or with equivalent standards in force in a third country; exposures that do not meet those criteria, whether or not exempted from Article 395(1) of this Regulation, shall be treated as exposures to a third party;’;
ii
point (k) is replaced by the following:
‘k
exposures in the form of a collateral or a guarantee for residential loans, provided by an eligible protection provider referred to in Article 201 qualifying for the credit rating which is at least the lower of the following:
i
credit quality step 2;
ii
the credit quality step corresponding to the central government foreign currency rating of the Member State where the protection provider's headquarters are located;’;
iii
the following point is added:
‘l
exposures in the form of a guarantee for officially supported export credits, provided by an export credit agency qualifying for the credit rating which is at least the lower of the following:
i
credit quality step 2;
ii
the credit quality step corresponding to the central government foreign currency rating of the Member State where the export credit agency's headquarters are located.’;
c
in paragraph 3, the second subparagraph is replaced by the following: ‘Competent authorities shall inform EBA of whether they intend to use any of the exemptions provided for in paragraph 2 in accordance with points (a) and (b) of this paragraph and provide EBA with the reasons substantiating the use of those exemptions.’;
d
the following paragraph is added:
102
Article 401 is replaced by the following:
103
in Article 402, paragraphs 1 and 2 are replaced by the following:
104
Article 403 is replaced by the following:
105
in Part Six, the heading of Title I is replaced by the following: ‘ DEFINITIONS AND LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS ’;
106
Article 411 is replaced by the following:
107
Article 412 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraph is inserted:
108
Articles 413 and 414 are replaced by the following:
109
Article 415 is amended as follows:
a
paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraph is inserted:
110
Article 416 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 3 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 5 and 6 are replaced by the following:
c
paragraph 7 is deleted;
111
Article 419 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 5 is replaced by the following:
112
Article 422 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraph 8 is replaced by the following:
113
in Article 423, paragraphs 2 and 3 are replaced by the following:
114
in Article 424, paragraph 4 is replaced by the following:
115
in Article 425(2), point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
loans with an undefined contractual end date shall be taken into account with a 20 % inflow, provided that the contract allows the institution to withdraw and request payment within 30 days;’;
116
in Part Six, the following title is inserted after Article 428:
117
Part Seven is replaced by the following: ( *13 ) Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on credit agreements for consumers and repealing Council Directive 87/102/EEC ( OJ L 133, 22.5.2008, p. 66 ).’ "
118
the following part is inserted after Article 429g: ( *14 ) Commission Implementing Regulation 2014/680 of 16 April 2014 laying down implementing technical standards with regard to supervisory reporting of institutions according to PRCIIFR of the European Parliament and of the Council ( OJ L 191, 28.6.2014, p. 1 ).’;"
119
Part Eight is replaced by the following: ( *15 ) GDPR of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 1995/46 (General Data Protection Regulation) ( OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1 ).’;"
120
in Article 456, the following point is added:
‘k
amendments to the disclosure requirements laid down in Titles II and III of Part Eight to take account of developments or amendments of the international standards on disclosure.’;
121
in Article 457, point (i) is replaced by the following:
‘i
Part Two and Article 430 only as a result of developments in accounting standards or requirements which take account of Union legislative acts’;
122
Article 458 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
b
paragraphs 4 and 5 are replaced by the following:
c
paragraphs 9 and 10 are replaced by the following:
123
Article 460 is amended as follows:
a
paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
b
the following paragraph is added:
124
the following article is inserted:
125
Article 462 is replaced by the following:
126
in Article 471, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
127
Article 493 is amended as follows:
a
in paragraph 1, the first sentence is replaced by the following: ‘The provisions on large exposures as laid down in Articles 387 to 403 of this Regulation shall not apply to investment firms the main business of which consists exclusively of the provision of investment services or activities in relation to the financial instruments set out in points (5), (6), (7), (9), (10) and (11) of Section C of Annex I to Directive 2014/65/EU and to which Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( *16 ) did not apply on 31 December 2006. ( *16 ) Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instruments amending Council Directives 85/611/EEC and 93/6/EEC and Directive 2000/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 93/22/EEC ( OJ L 145, 30.4.2004, p. 1 ).’;"
b
in paragraph 3, point (c) is replaced by the following:
‘c
exposures, including participations or other kinds of holdings, incurred by an institution to its parent undertaking, to other subsidiaries of that parent undertaking or to its own subsidiaries and qualifying holdings, in so far as those undertakings are covered by the supervision on a consolidated basis to which the institution itself is subject, in accordance with this Regulation, Directive 2002/87 or with equivalent standards in force in a third country; exposures that do not meet those criteria, whether or not exempted from Article 395(1) of this Regulation, shall be treated as exposures to a third party;’;
128
Article 494 is replaced by the following:
129
the following articles are inserted:
130
Article 497 is replaced by the following:
131
in Article 498(1), the first subparagraph is replaced by the following:
132
Article 499(3) is deleted;
133
Articles 500 and 501 are replaced by the following: ( *17 ) Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises ( OJ L 124, 20.5.2003, p. 36 ).’;"
134
the following article is inserted:
135
in Part Ten, the following article is inserted after Title II: REPORTS AND REVIEWS:
136
the following article is inserted:
137
Article 507 is replaced by the following:
138
in Article 510, the following paragraphs are added:
139
Article 511 is replaced by the following:
140
Article 513 is replaced by the following:
141
Article 514 is replaced by the following:
142
the following article is inserted:
143
the following article is inserted:
144
in Part Ten, the following title is inserted:
145
Annex II is amended as set out in the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2: Amendments to Regulation (EU) No 648/2012

OTC is amended as follows:
1
in Article 50a, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
2
Article 50b is replaced by the following:
3
in Article 50c(1), points (d) and (e) are deleted;
4
in Article 50d, point (c) is deleted;
5
in Article 89, paragraph 5a is replaced by the following:

Article 3: Entry into force and application

1
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union . Official Journal of the European Union
2
This Regulation shall apply from 28 June 2021 with the exceptions listed in paragraphs 3 to 8.
3
The following points of Article 1 of this Regulation shall apply from 27 June 2019:
a
point (1), containing the provisions on scope and on supervisory powers;
b
point (2), containing the definitions, unless they relate exclusively to provisions that apply in accordance with this Article from a different date, in which case they shall apply from such different date;
c
points (3)(b), (6)(c), (8), point (9), as regards Article 13 of PRCIIFR, point (12), as regards the second subparagraph of Article 18(1) of PRCIIFR, points (14) to (17), (19) to (44), (47), (128) and (129), containing the provisions related to own funds and the provisions on the introduction of the new requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities;
d
point (9), as regards the provisions on the impact of new securitisation rules laid down in Article 14 of PRCIIFR;
e
point (57), containing the provisions on the risk weights for multilateral development banks, and point (58), containing the provisions on the risk weights for international organisations;
f
point (53), as regards Article 104b of PRCIIFR, points (89) and (90), point (118), as regards Article 430b of PRCIIFR, and point (124), containing the provisions on the reporting requirements for market risk;
g
point (130), containing the provisions on own funds requirements for CCP exposures;
h
point (133), as regards the provisions on massive disposals laid down in Article 500 of PRCIIFR;
i
point (134), as regards Article 501b of PRCIIFR, containing the provisions on waiver of reporting;
j
point (144), containing the provisions on the compliance tool;
k
the provisions that require European Supervisory Authorities or the ESRB to submit to the Commission draft regulatory or implementing technical standards and reports, the provisions that require the Commission to produce reports, the provisions that empower the Commission to adopt delegated acts or implementing acts, the provisions on review and on legislative proposals and the provisions that require the European Supervisory Authorities to issue guidelines, namely point (2)(b); point (12), as regards Article 18(9) of PRCIIFR; point (18)(b); point (31), as regards Article 72b(7) of PRCIIFR; point (38), as regards Article 78a(3) of PRCIIFR; point (57)(b); point (60), as regards Article 124(4) and (5) of PRCIIFR; point (63), as regards Article 132a(4) of PRCIIFR; point (67), as regards Article 164(8) and (9) of PRCIIFR); point (74), as regards Article 277(5) and 279a(3) of PRCIIFR; point (89), as regards Article 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325(9) of PRCIIFR; point (90), as regards Articles 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325u(5), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325w(8), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325ap(3), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325az(8) and (9), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bd(7), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325be(3), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bf(9), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bg(4), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bh(3), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bk(3), 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325bp(12) of PRCIIFR; point (93), as regards Article 390(9) of PRCIIFR; point (94); point (96), as regards Article 394(4) of PRCIIFR; point (98)(b); point (104), as regards Article 403(4) of PRCIIFR; point (109)(b); point (111)(b); point (118), as regards Articles 325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7)e='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_325' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >325type='articles' class='internal-link article' href='#art_430.7' data-bs-toggle='popover' data-bs-trigger='hover focus' data-bs-content='No text available' data-bs-placement='top' >430(7) and (8), 430b(6) and Article 430c of PRCIIFR; point (119), as regards Article 432(1) and (2) and Article 434a of PRCIIFR; point (123); point (124); point (125); point (134), as regards Article 501a(4) and (5) of PRCIIFR; point (135); point (136); point (137); point (138); point (139); point (140); point (141), as regards Article 514(1) of PRCIIFR; point (142); and point (143).
Without prejudice to point (f) of the first subparagraph, the provisions on disclosure and on reporting shall apply as of the date of application of the requirement to which the disclosure or the reporting relates.
4
The following points of Article 1 of this Regulation shall apply from 28 December 2020:
a
points (6)(a), (6)(b), (6)(d), points (7) and (12), as regards the first subparagraph of Article 18(1) and Article 18(2) to (8) of PRCIIFR, containing the provisions on prudential consolidation;
b
point (60), containing the provisions on exposures secured by mortgages on immovable property, point (67), containing the provisions on loss given default, and point (122), containing the provisions on macroprudential or systemic risk identified at the level of a Member State.
5
Point (46)(b) of Article 1 of this Regulation, containing the provisions on the introduction of the new requirement for own funds for G-SIIs, shall apply from 1 January 2022.
6
Point (53), as regards Article 104a of PRCIIFR, and points (55) and (69) of Article 1 of this Regulation, containing the provisions on the introduction of the new own funds requirements for market risk, shall apply from 28 June 2023.
7
Point (18) of Article 1 of this Regulation, as regards point (b) of Article 36(1) of PRCIIFR, containing the provision on the exemption from deductions of prudently valued software assets, shall apply from 12 months after the date of entry into force of the regulatory technical standards referred to in Article 36(4) of PRCIIFR.
8
Point (126) of Article 1 of this Regulation, containing the provisions on the exemptions from deductions of equity holdings, shall apply retroactively from 1 January 2019.

Recital 1

In the aftermath of the financial crisis that unfolded in 2007-2008, the Union implemented a substantial reform of the financial services regulatory framework to enhance the resilience of its financial institutions. That reform was largely based on international standards agreed in 2010 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), known as the Basel III framework. Among its many measures, the reform package included the adoption of PRCIIFR of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 4 ) and Directive 2013/36 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 5 ) , which strengthened the prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms (institutions).

Recital 2

While the reform has rendered the financial system more stable and resilient against many types of possible future shocks and crises, it did not address all identified problems. An important reason for that was that international standard setters, such as the BCBS and the Financial Stability Board (FSB), had not finished their work on internationally agreed solutions to tackle those problems at the time. Now that work on important additional reforms has been completed, the outstanding problems should be addressed.

Recital 3

In its communication of 24 November 2015 entitled ‘Towards the completion of the Banking Union’, the Commission recognised the need for further risk reduction and committed bringing forward a legislative proposal that would build on internationally agreed standards. The need to take further concrete legislative steps in terms of reducing risks in the financial sector has also been recognised by the Council in its conclusions of 17 June 2016 and by the European Parliament in its resolution of 10 March 2016 on the Banking Union – Annual Report 2015 ( 6 ) .

Recital 4

Risk reduction measures should not only further strengthen the resilience of the European banking system and the markets' confidence in it, but also provide the basis for further progress in completing the banking union. Those measures should also be considered against the background of broader challenges affecting the Union economy, in particular the need to promote growth and jobs at times of uncertain economic outlook. In that context, various major policy initiatives, such as the Investment Plan for Europe and the capital markets union, have been launched in order to strengthen the economy of the Union. It is therefore important that all risk reduction measures interact smoothly with those policy initiatives as well as with broader recent reforms in the financial sector.

Recital 5

The provisions of this Regulation should be equivalent to internationally agreed standards and ensure the continued equivalence of Directive 2013/36 and PRCIIFR with the Basel III framework. The targeted adjustments in order to reflect Union specificities and broader policy considerations should be limited in terms of scope or time in order not to impinge on the overall soundness of the prudential framework.

Recital 6

Existing risk reduction measures and, in particular, reporting and disclosure requirements should also be improved to ensure that they can be applied in a more proportionate way and that they do not create an excessive compliance burden, especially for smaller and less complex institutions.

Recital 7

A precise definition of small and non-complex institutions is necessary for targeted simplifications of requirements with respect to the application of the principle of proportionality. By itself, a single absolute threshold does not take into account the specificities of the national banking markets. It is therefore necessary for Member States to be able to use their discretion to bring the threshold in line with domestic circumstances and adjust it downwards, as appropriate. Since the size of an institution is not in itself the defining factor for its risk profile, it is also necessary to apply additional qualitative criteria to ensure that an institution is only considered to be a small and non-complex institution and able to benefit from more proportionate rules where the institution fulfils all the relevant criteria.

Recital 8

Leverage ratios contribute to preserving financial stability by acting as a backstop to risk based capital requirements and by constraining the building up of excessive leverage during economic upturns. The BCBS has revised the international standard on the leverage ratio in order to specify further certain aspects of the design of that ratio. PRCIIFR should be aligned with the revised standard so as to ensure a level playing field internationally for institutions established inside the Union but operating outside the Union, and to ensure that leverage ratio remains an effective complement to risk-based own funds requirements. Therefore, a leverage ratio requirement should be introduced to complement the current system of reporting and disclosure of the leverage ratio.

Recital 9

In order not to unnecessarily constrain lending by institutions to corporates and private households and to prevent unwarranted adverse impacts on market liquidity, the leverage ratio requirement should be set at a level where it acts as a credible backstop to the risk of excessive leverage without hampering economic growth.

Recital 10

The European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority) (EBA), established by ESAEBAR of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 7 ) , concluded in its report of 3 August 2016 on the leverage ratio requirement that a Tier 1 capital leverage ratio calibrated at 3 % for any type of credit institution would constitute a credible backstop function. A 3 % leverage ratio requirement was also agreed upon at international level by the BCBS. The leverage ratio requirement should therefore be calibrated at 3 %.

Recital 11

A 3 % leverage ratio requirement would however constrain certain business models and lines of business more than others. In particular, public lending by public development banks and officially supported export credits would be impacted disproportionally. The leverage ratio should therefore be adjusted for those types of exposures. Clear criteria that help ascertain the public mandate of such credit institutions should therefore be set out and cover aspects such as their establishment, the type of activities undertaken, their goal, the guarantee arrangements by public bodies and limits to deposit taking activities. The form and manner of establishment of such credit institutions should remain, however, at the discretion of Member State's central government, regional government or local authority and may consist of setting up a new credit institution, acquisition or take-over, including through concessions and in the context of resolution proceedings, of an already existing entity by such public authorities.

Recital 12

A leverage ratio should also not undermine the provision of central clearing services by institutions to clients. Therefore, the initial margin on centrally cleared derivative transactions received by institutions from their clients and that they pass on to central counterparties (CCPs), should be excluded from the total exposure measure.

Recital 13

In exceptional circumstances that warrant the exclusion of certain exposures to central banks from the leverage ratio and in order to facilitate the implementation of monetary policies, competent authorities should be able to exclude such exposures from the total exposure measure on a temporary basis. For that purpose, they should publicly declare, after consultation with the relevant central bank, that such exceptional circumstances exist. The leverage ratio requirement should be recalibrated commensurately to offset the impact of the exclusion. Such recalibration should ensure the exclusion of risks to financial stability affecting the relevant banking sectors, and that the resilience provided by the leverage ratio is maintained.

Recital 14

It is appropriate to implement a leverage ratio buffer requirement for institutions identified as global systemically important institutions (G-SIIs) in accordance with Directive 2013/36 and with the BCBSs standard on a leverage ratio buffer for global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) published in December 2017. The leverage ratio buffer was calibrated by the BCBS for the specific purpose of mitigating the comparably larger risks to financial stability posed by G-SIBs and, against that background, should only apply to G-SIIs at this stage. However, further analysis should be done to determine whether it would be appropriate to apply the leverage ratio buffer requirement to other systemically important institutions (O-SIIs), as defined in Directive 2013/36, and, if that is the case, in what manner the calibration should be tailored to the specific features of those institutions.

Recital 15

On 9 November 2015, the FSB published the Total Loss-absorbing Capacity (TLAC) Term Sheet (the ‘TLAC standard’) which was endorsed by the G20 at the November 2015 summit in Turkey. The TLAC standard requires G-SIBs, to hold a sufficient amount of highly loss absorbing (bail-inable) liabilities to ensure smooth and fast absorption of losses and recapitalisation in the event of a resolution. The TLAC standard should be implemented in Union law.

Recital 16

The implementation of the TLAC standard in Union law needs to take into account the existing institution-specific minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities (MREL), set out in Directive 2014/59 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 8 ) . As the TLAC standard and the MREL pursue the same objective of ensuring that institutions have sufficient loss absorption capacity, the two requirements should be complementary elements of a common framework. Operationally, the harmonised minimum level of the TLAC standard should be introduced into PRCIIFR through a new requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities, while the institution-specific add-on for G-SIIs and the institution-specific requirement for non-G-SIIs should be introduced through targeted amendments to Directive 2014/59 and Regulation 2014/806 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 9 ) . The provisions introducing the TLAC standard in PRCIIFR should be read together with the provisions that are introduced into Directive 2014/59 and Regulation 2014/806, and with Directive 2013/36.

Recital 17

In accordance with the TLAC standard that only covers G-SIBs, the minimum requirement for a sufficient amount of own funds and highly loss absorbing liabilities introduced in this Regulation should only apply to G-SIIs. However, the rules concerning eligible liabilities introduced in this Regulation should apply to all institutions, in line with the complementary adjustments and requirements set out in Directive 2014/59.

Recital 18

In line with the TLAC standard, the requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities should apply to resolution entities which are either themselves G-SIIs or are part of a group identified as a G-SII. The requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities should apply on either an individual basis or a consolidated basis, depending on whether such resolution entities are stand-alone institutions with no subsidiaries or parent undertakings.

Recital 19

Directive 2014/59 allows for resolution tools to be used not only for institutions but also for financial holding companies and mixed financial holding companies. Parent financial holding companies and parent mixed financial holding companies should therefore have sufficient loss absorption capacity in the same way as parent institutions.

Recital 20

To ensure the effectiveness of the requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities, it is essential that the instruments held for meeting that requirement have a high loss absorption capacity. Liabilities that are excluded from the bail-in tool referred to in Directive 2014/59 do not have that capacity, and neither do other liabilities that, although bail-inable in principle might raise difficulties for being bailed in in practice. Those liabilities should therefore not be considered eligible for the requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities. On the other hand, capital instruments, as well as subordinated liabilities have a high loss absorption capacity. Also, the loss absorption potential of liabilities that rank pari passu with certain excluded liabilities should be recognised up to a certain extent, in line with the TLAC standard.

Recital 21

To avoid double counting of liabilities for the purposes of the requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities, rules should be introduced for the deduction of holdings of eligible liabilities items that mirror the corresponding deduction approach already developed in PRCIIFR for capital instruments. Under that approach, holdings of eligible liabilities instruments should first be deducted from eligible liabilities and, to the extent there are not sufficient liabilities, those eligible liabilities instruments should be deducted from Tier 2 instruments.

Recital 22

The TLAC standard contains some eligibility criteria for liabilities that are stricter than the current eligibility criteria for capital instruments. To ensure consistency, eligibility criteria for capital instruments should be aligned as regards the non-eligibility of instruments issued through special purpose entities as of 1 January 2022.

Recital 23

It is necessary to provide for a clear and transparent approval process for Common Equity Tier 1 instruments that can contribute to maintaining the high quality of those instruments. To that end, competent authorities should be responsible for approving those instruments before institutions can classify them as Common Equity Tier 1 instruments. However, competent authorities should not need to require prior permission for Common Equity Tier 1 instruments that are issued on the basis of legal documentation already approved by the competent authority and governed by substantially the same provisions as those governing capital instruments for which the institution has received prior permission from the competent authority to classify as Common Equity Tier 1 instruments. In such a case, instead of requesting prior approval, it should be possible for institutions to notify their competent authorities of their intention to issue such instruments. They should do so sufficiently in advance of the instruments' classification as Common Equity Tier 1 instruments to leave time to competent authorities to review the instruments, if necessary. In view of EBA's role in furthering the convergence of supervisory practices and enhancing the quality of own funds instruments, competent authorities should consult EBA before approving any new form of Common Equity Tier 1 instruments.

Recital 24

Capital instruments are eligible as Additional Tier 1 or Tier 2 instruments only to the extent that they comply with the relevant eligibility criteria. Such capital instruments may consist of equity or liabilities, including subordinated loans that fulfil those criteria.

Recital 25

Capital instruments or parts of capital instruments should only be eligible to qualify as own funds instruments to the extent they are paid up. As long as parts of an instrument are not paid up, those parts should not be eligible to qualify as own funds instruments.

Recital 26

Own funds instruments and eligible liabilities should not be subject to set-off or netting arrangements which would undermine their loss absorption capacity in resolution. This should not mean that the contractual provisions governing the liabilities should contain a clause explicitly stating that the instrument is not subject to set-off or netting rights.

Recital 27

Due to the evolution of the banking sector in an even more digital environment, software is becoming a more important type of asset. Prudently valued software assets, the value of which is not materially affected by the resolution, insolvency or liquidation of an institution, should not be subject to the deduction of intangible assets from Common Equity Tier 1 items. That specification is important, as software is a broad concept that covers many different types of assets, not all of which preserve their value in the situation of a gone concern. In that context, differences in the valuation and amortisation of software assets and the realised sales of such assets should be taken into account. Furthermore, consideration should be given to international developments and differences in the regulatory treatment of investments in software, to different prudential rules that apply to institutions and insurance undertakings, and to the diversity of the financial sector in the Union, including non-regulated entities such as financial technology companies.

Recital 28

In order to avoid cliff-edge effects, it is necessary to grandfather the existing instruments with respect to certain eligibility criteria. For liabilities issued before 27 June 2019, certain eligibility criteria for own funds instruments and eligible liabilities should be waived. Such a grandfathering should apply to liabilities counting towards, where applicable, the subordinated portion of TLAC, and the subordinated portion of the MREL under Directive 2014/59, as well as to liabilities counting towards, where applicable, the non-subordinated portion of TLAC, and the non-subordinated portion of the MREL under Directive 2014/59. For own funds instruments, the grandfathering should end on 28 June 2025.

Recital 29

Eligible liabilities instruments, including those which have a residual maturity of less than one year, can only be redeemed after the resolution authority has granted its prior permission. Such prior permission could also be a general prior permission, in which case the redemption would have to occur within the limited period of time and for a predetermined amount covered by the general prior permission.

Recital 30

Since the adoption of PRCIIFR, the international standard on the prudential treatment of institutions' exposures to CCPs has been amended in order to improve the treatment of institutions' exposures to qualifying CCPs (QCCPs). Notable revisions of that standard included the use of a single method for determining the own funds requirement for exposures due to default fund contributions, an explicit cap on the overall own funds requirements applied to exposures to QCCPs, and a more risk-sensitive approach for capturing the value of derivatives in the calculation of the hypothetical resources of a QCCP. At the same time, the treatment of exposures to non-qualifying CCPs was left unchanged. Given that the revised international standards introduced a treatment that is better suited to the central clearing environment, Union law should be amended to incorporate those standards.

Recital 31

In order to ensure that institutions adequately manage their exposures in the form of units or shares in collective investment undertakings (CIUs), the rules spelling out the treatment of those exposures should be risk sensitive and should promote transparency with respect to the underlying exposures of CIUs. The BCBS has therefore adopted a revised standard that sets a clear hierarchy of approaches to calculate risk-weighted exposure amounts for those exposures. That hierarchy reflects the degree of transparency over the underlying exposures. PRCIIFR should be aligned with those internationally agreed rules.

Recital 32

For an institution that provides a minimum value commitment to the ultimate benefit of retail clients for an investment in a unit or share in a CIU including as part of a government-sponsored private pension scheme, no payment by the institution or undertaking included in the same scope of prudential consolidation is required unless the value of the customer's shares or units in the CIU falls below the guaranteed amount at one or more points in time specified in the contract. The likelihood of the commitment being exercised is therefore low in practice. Where an institution's minimum value commitment is limited to a percentage of the amount that a client had originally invested into shares or units in a CIU (fixed-amount minimum value commitment) or to an amount that depends on the performance of financial indicators or market indices up to a given time, any currently positive difference between the value of the customer's shares or units and the present value of the guaranteed amount at a given date constitutes a buffer and reduces the risk for the institution to have to pay out the guaranteed amount. All those reasons justify a reduced conversion factor.

Recital 33

For calculating the exposure value of derivative transactions under the counterparty credit risk framework, PRCIIFR currently gives institutions the choice between three different standardised approaches: the Standardised Method (SM), the Mark-to-Market Method (MtMM) and the Original Exposure Method (OEM).

Recital 34

Those standardised approaches however do not recognise appropriately the risk-reducing nature of collateral in the exposures. Their calibrations are outdated and they do not reflect the high level of volatility observed during the financial crisis. Neither do they recognise appropriately netting benefits. To address those shortcomings, the BCBS decided to replace the SM and the MtMM with a new standardised approach for computing the exposure value of derivative exposures, the so-called Standardised Approach for Counterparty Credit Risk (SA-CCR). Given that the revised international standards introduced a new standardised approach that is better suited to the central clearing environment, Union law should be amended to incorporate those standards.

Recital 35

The SA-CCR is more risk sensitive than the SM and the MtMM and should therefore lead to own funds requirements that better reflect the risks related to institutions' derivative transactions. At the same time, for some of the institutions which currently use the MtMM the SA-CCR may prove to be too complex and burdensome to implement. For institutions that meet predefined eligibility criteria, and for institutions that are part of a group which meets those criteria on a consolidated basis, a simplified version of the SA-CCR (the ‘simplified SA-CCR’) should be introduced. Since such a simplified version will be less risk sensitive than the SA-CCR, it should be appropriately calibrated in order to ensure that it does not underestimate the exposure value of derivative transactions.

Recital 36

For institutions which have limited derivative exposures and which currently use the MtMM or the OEM, both the SA-CCR and the simplified SA-CCR could be too complex to implement. The OEM should therefore be reserved as an alternative approach for those institutions that meet predefined eligibility criteria, and for institutions that are part of a group which meets those criteria on a consolidated basis, but should be revised in order to address its major shortcomings.

Recital 37

To guide an institution in its choice of permitted approaches clear criteria should be introduced. Those criteria should be based on the size of the derivative activities of an institution which indicates the degree of sophistication an institution should be able to comply with to compute the exposure value.

Recital 38

During the financial crisis, trading book losses for some institutions established in the Union were substantial. For some of them, the level of capital required against those losses proved insufficient, leading them to seek extraordinary public financial support. Those observations led the BCBS to remove a number of weaknesses in the prudential treatment for trading book positions which are the own funds requirements for market risk.

Recital 39

In 2009, the first set of reforms was finalised at international level and transposed into Union law by means of Directive 2010/76 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 10 ) . The 2009 reform, however, did not address the structural weaknesses of the own funds requirements for market risk standards. The lack of clarity about the boundary between the trading and banking books gave opportunities for regulatory arbitrage while the lack of risk sensitivity of the own funds requirements for market risk did not allow to capture the full range of risks to which institutions were exposed.

Recital 40

The BCBS initiated the fundamental review of the trading book (FRTB) to address the structural weaknesses of the own funds requirements for market risk standards. That work led to the publication in January 2016 of a revised market risk framework. In December 2017, the Group of Central Bank Governors and Heads of Supervision agreed to extend the implementation date of the revised market risk framework in order to allow institutions additional time to develop the necessary systems infrastructure but also for the BCBS to address certain specific issues related to the framework. This includes a review of the calibrations of the standardised and internal model approaches to ensure consistency with the BCBSs original expectations. Upon finalisation of that review, and before an impact assessment is performed to assess the impact of the resulting revisions to the FRTB framework on institutions in the Union, all institutions that would be subject to the FRTB framework in the Union should start reporting the calculations derived from the revised standardised approach. To that end, in order to make the calculations for reporting requirements fully operational in line with international developments, the power to adopt an act in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) should be delegated to the Commission. The Commission should adopt that delegated act by 31 December 2019. Institutions should start reporting that calculation no later than one year after the adoption of that delegated act. In addition, institutions that obtain approval to use the revised internal model approach of the FRTB framework for reporting purposes should also report the calculation under the internal model approach three years after its full operationalisation.

Recital 41

Introducing reporting requirements for the FRTB approaches should be considered as a first step towards the full implementation of the FRTB framework in the Union. Taking into account the final revisions to the FRTB framework performed by the BCBS, the results of the impact of those revisions on institutions in the Union and on the FRTB approaches already set out in this Regulation for reporting requirements, the Commission should submit, where appropriate, a legislative proposal to the European Parliament and to the Council by 30 June 2020 on how the FRTB framework should be implemented in the Union to establish the own funds requirements for market risk.

Recital 42

A proportionate treatment for market risk should also apply to institutions with limited trading book activities, allowing more institutions with small trading book activities to apply the credit risk framework for banking book positions as set out under a revised version of the derogation for small trading book business. The principle of proportionality should also be taken into account when the Commission reassesses how institutions with medium-sized trading book business should calculate the own funds requirements for market risk. In particular, the calibration of the own funds requirements for market risk for institutions with medium-sized trading book business should be reviewed in light of developments at international level. In the meantime, institutions with medium-sized trading book business, as well institutions with small trading book business, should be exempted from the reporting requirements under the FRTB.

Recital 43

The large exposures framework should be strengthened to improve the ability of institutions to absorb losses and to better comply with international standards. To that end, a higher quality of capital should be used as a capital base for the calculation of the large exposures limit and exposures to credit derivatives should be calculated in accordance with the SA-CCR. Moreover, the limit on the exposures that G-SIIs may have towards other G-SIIs should be lowered to reduce systemic risks related to interlinks among large institutions and the impact that the default of G-SIIs counterparty may have on financial stability.

Recital 44

While the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) ensures that institutions will be able to withstand severe stress on a short-term basis, it does not ensure that those institutions will have a stable funding structure on a longer-term horizon. It became thus apparent that a detailed binding stable funding requirement should be developed at Union level which should be met at all times with the aim of preventing excessive maturity mismatches between assets and liabilities and overreliance on short-term wholesale funding.

Recital 45

Consistent with the BCBSs stable funding standard, rules should, therefore, be adopted to define the stable funding requirement as a ratio of an institution's amount of available stable funding to its amount of required stable funding over a one-year horizon. That binding requirement should be called the net stable funding ratio (NSFR) requirement. The amount of available stable funding should be calculated by multiplying the institution's liabilities and own funds by appropriate factors that reflect their degree of reliability over the one-year horizon of the NSFR. The amount of required stable funding should be calculated by multiplying the institution's assets and off-balance-sheet exposures by appropriate factors that reflect their liquidity characteristics and residual maturities over the one-year horizon of the NSFR.

Recital 46

The NSFR should be expressed as a percentage and set at a minimum level of 100 %, which indicates that an institution holds sufficient stable funding to meet its funding needs over a one-year horizon under both normal and stressed conditions. Should its NSFR fall below the 100 % level, the institution should comply with the specific requirements laid down in PRCIIFR for a timely restoration of its NSFR to the minimum level. The application of supervisory measures in cases of non-compliance with the NSFR requirement should not be automatic. Competent authorities should instead assess the reasons for non-compliance with the NSFR requirement before defining potential supervisory measures.

Recital 47

In accordance with the recommendations made by EBA in its report of 15 December 2015 on net stable funding requirements under Article 510 of PRCIIFR the rules for calculating the NSFR should be closely aligned with the BCBSs standards, including developments in those standards regarding the treatment of derivative transactions. The necessity to take into account some European specificities to ensure that the NSFR requirement does not hinder the financing of the European real economy, however, justifies adopting some adjustments to the NSFR developed by the BCBS for the definition of the European NSFR requirement. Those adjustments due to the European context are recommended by EBA and relate mainly to specific treatments for: pass-through models in general and covered bonds issuance in particular; trade finance activities; centralised regulated savings; residential guaranteed loans; credit unions; CCPs and central securities depositories (CSDs) not undertaking any significant maturity transformation. Those proposed specific treatments broadly reflect the preferential treatment granted to those activities in the European LCR compared to the LCR developed by the BCBS. Because the NSFR complements the LCR, those two ratios should be consistent in their definition and calibration. This is in particular the case for required stable funding factors applied to LCR high quality liquid assets for the calculation of the NSFR that should reflect the definitions and haircuts of the European LCR, regardless of compliance with the general and operational requirements set out for the LCR calculation that are not appropriate in the one-year horizon of the NSFR calculation.

Recital 48

Beyond European specificities, the treatment of derivative transactions in the NSFR developed by the BCBS could have an important impact on institutions' derivative activities and, consequently, on European financial markets and on the access to some operations for end-users. Derivative transactions and some interlinked transactions, including clearing activities, could be unduly and disproportionately impacted by the introduction of the NSFR developed by BCBS without having been subject to extensive quantitative impact studies and public consultation. The additional requirement to hold between 5 % and 20 % of stable funding against gross derivative liabilities is very widely seen as a rough measure to capture additional funding risks related to the potential increase of derivative liabilities over a one-year horizon and is under review at BCBS level. That requirement, introduced at a level of 5 % in line with the discretion left to jurisdictions by the BCBS to reduce the required stable funding factor on gross derivative liabilities, could then be amended to take into account developments at the BCBS level and to avoid possible unintended consequences such as hindering the good functioning of the European financial markets and the provision of risk hedging tools to institutions and end-users, including corporates, to ensure their financing as an objective of the capital markets union.

Recital 49

The asymmetric treatment by the BCBS of short-term funding, such as repos (stable funding not recognised) and short-term lending, such as reverse repos (some stable funding required – 10 % if collateralised by level 1 high quality liquid assets (HQLA) as defined in the LCR and 15 % for other transactions) with financial customers is intended to discourage extensive short-term funding links between financial customers, because such links are a source of interconnection and make it more difficult to resolve a particular institution without a contagion of risk to the rest of the financial system in case of failure. However, the calibration of the asymmetry is conservative and may affect the liquidity of securities usually used as collateral in short-term transactions, in particular sovereign bonds, as institutions will probably reduce the volume of their operations on repo markets. It could also undermine market-making activities, because repo markets facilitate the management of the necessary inventory, thereby contradicting the objectives of the capital markets union. To allow for sufficient time for institutions to progressively adapt to that conservative calibration, a transitional period, during which the required stable funding factors would be temporarily reduced, should be introduced. The size of the temporary reduction in the required stable funding factors should depend on the types of transactions and on the type of collateral used in those transactions.

Recital 50

In addition to the temporary recalibration of the BCBS required stable funding factor that applies to short-term reverse repo transactions with financial customers secured by sovereign bonds, some other adjustments have proven to be necessary to ensure that the introduction of the NSFR requirement does not hinder the liquidity of sovereign bonds markets. The BCBS 5 % required stable funding factor that applies to level 1 HQLA, including sovereign bonds, implies that institutions would need to hold ready available long-term unsecured funding in such percentage regardless of the time during which they expect to hold such sovereign bonds. This could potentially further incentivise institutions to deposit cash at central banks rather than to act as primary dealers and provide liquidity in sovereign bond markets. Moreover, it is not consistent with the LCR that recognises the full liquidity of those assets even in time of severe liquidity stress (0 % haircut). The required stable funding factor of level 1 HQLA as defined in the European LCR, excluding extremely high quality covered bonds, should therefore be reduced from 5 % to 0 %.

Recital 51

Furthermore, all level 1 HQLA as defined in the European LCR, excluding extremely high quality covered bonds, received as variation margin in derivative contracts should offset derivative assets while the NSFR developed by the BCBS only accepts cash respecting the conditions of the leverage framework to offset derivative assets. That broader recognition of assets received as variation margin will contribute to the liquidity of sovereign bonds markets, avoid penalising end-users that hold high amounts of sovereign bonds but few cash (like pension funds) and avoid adding additional tensions on the demand for cash on repo markets.

Recital 52

The NSFR requirement should apply to institutions both on an individual and a consolidated basis, unless competent authorities waive the application of the NSFR requirement on an individual basis. Where the application of the NSFR requirement on an individual basis has not been waived, transactions between two institutions belonging to the same group or to the same institutional protection scheme should in principle receive symmetrical available and required stable funding factors to avoid a loss of funding in the internal market and to not impede the effective liquidity management in European groups where liquidity is centrally managed. Such preferential symmetrical treatments should only be granted to intragroup transactions where all the necessary safeguards are in place, on the basis of additional criteria for cross-border transactions, and only with the prior approval of the competent authorities involved as it cannot be assumed that institutions experiencing difficulties in meeting their payment obligations will always receive funding support from other undertakings belonging to the same group or to the same institutional protection scheme.

Recital 53

Small and non-complex institutions should be given the opportunity to use a simplified version of the NSFR requirement. A simplified, less granular version of the NSFR should involve collecting a limited number of data points, which would, reduce the complexity of the calculation for those institutions in accordance with the principle of proportionality, while ensuring that those institutions still maintain a sufficient stable funding factor by means of a calibration that should be at least as conservative as the one of the fully-fledged NSFR requirement. However, competent authorities should be able to require small and non-complex institutions to apply the fully-fledged NSFR requirement instead of the simplified version.

Recital 54

The consolidation of subsidiaries in third countries should take due account of the stable funding requirements applicable in those countries. Accordingly, consolidation rules in the Union should not introduce a more favourable treatment for available and required stable funding in third-country subsidiaries than the treatment which is available under the national law of those third countries.

Recital 55

Institutions should be required to report to their competent authorities in the reporting currency the binding detailed NSFR for all items and separately for items denominated in each significant currency to ensure an appropriate monitoring of possible currencies mismatches. The NSFR requirement should not subject institutions to any double reporting requirements or to reporting requirements not in line with the rules in force and institutions should be granted sufficient time to get prepared to the entry into force of new reporting requirements.

Recital 56

As the provision of meaningful and comparable information to the market on institutions' common key risk metrics is a fundamental tenet of a sound banking system, it is essential to reduce information asymmetry as much as possible and facilitate comparability of credit institutions' risk profiles within and across jurisdictions. The BCBS published the revised Pillar 3 disclosure standards in January 2015 to enhance the comparability, quality and consistency of institutions' regulatory disclosures to the market. It is, therefore, appropriate to amend the existing disclosure requirements to implement those new international standards.

Recital 57

Respondents to the Commission's call for evidence on the EU regulatory framework for financial services regarded current disclosure requirements as disproportionate and burdensome for smaller institutions. Without prejudice to aligning disclosures more closely with international standards, small and non-complex institutions should be required to produce less frequent and detailed disclosures than their larger peers, thus reducing the administrative burden to which they are subject.

Recital 58

Some clarifications should be made to the remuneration disclosures. The disclosure requirements relating to remuneration as set out in this Regulation should be compatible with the aims of the remuneration rules, namely to establish and maintain, for categories of staff whose professional activities have a material impact on the institution's risk profile, remuneration policies and practices that are consistent with effective risk management. Furthermore, institutions benefitting from a derogation from certain remuneration rules should be required to disclose information concerning such derogation.

Recital 59

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are one of the pillars of the Union's economy as they play a fundamental role in creating economic growth and providing employment. Given the fact that SMEs carry a lower systematic risk than larger corporates, capital requirements for SME exposures should be lower than those for large corporates to ensure an optimal bank financing of SMEs. Currently, SME exposures of up to EUR 1,5 million are subject to a 23,81 % reduction in risk weighted exposure amount. Given that the threshold of EUR 1,5 million for an SME exposure is not indicative of a change in riskiness of an SME, reduction in capital requirements should be extended to SME exposures of up to EUR 2,5 million and the part of an SME exposure exceeding EUR 2,5 million should be subject to a 15 % reduction in capital requirements.

Recital 60

Investments in infrastructure are essential to strengthen Europe's competitiveness and to stimulate job creation. The recovery and future growth of the Union economy depends largely on the availability of capital for strategic investments of European significance in infrastructure, in particular broadband and energy networks, as well as transport infrastructure including electromobility infrastructure, particularly in industrial centres; education, research and innovation; and renewable energy and energy efficiency. The Investment Plan for Europe aims at promoting additional funding to viable infrastructure projects through, inter alia, the mobilisation of additional private sources of finance. For a number of potential investors the main concern is the perceived absence of viable projects and the limited capacity to properly evaluate risk given their intrinsically complex nature.

Recital 61

In order to encourage private and public investments in infrastructure projects it is essential to lay down a regulatory environment that is able to promote high quality infrastructure projects and reduce risks for investors. In particular, own funds requirements for exposures to infrastructure projects should be reduced, provided they comply with a set of criteria able to reduce their risk profile and enhance predictability of cash flows. The Commission should review the provision on high quality infrastructure projects in order to assess: its impact on the volume of infrastructure investments by institutions and the quality of investments having regard to Union's objectives to move towards a low-carbon, climate-resilient and circular economy; and its adequacy from a prudential standpoint. The Commission should also consider whether the scope of those provisions should be extended to infrastructure investments by corporates.

Recital 62

As recommended by EBA, the European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority) (ESMA) established by ESAESMAR of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 11 ) and the European Central Bank, CCPs, due to their distinct business model, should be exempted from the leverage ratio requirement, because they are required to obtain a banking licence simply for the reason of being granted access to overnight central bank facilities and to fulfil their roles as key vehicles for the achievement of important political and regulatory objectives in the financial sector.

Recital 63

Furthermore, exposures of CSDs authorised as credit institutions and exposures of credit institutions designated in accordance with Article 54(2) of ISSCSDR of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 12 ) , such as cash balances resulting from the provision of cash accounts to, and accepting deposits from, participants in a securities settlement system and holders of securities accounts, should be excluded from the total exposure measure as they do not create a risk of excessive leverage as those cash balances are used solely for the purpose of settling transaction in securities settlement systems.

Recital 64

Given that the guidance on additional own funds referred to in Directive 2013/36 is a capital target that reflects supervisory expectations, it should not be subject either to mandatory disclosure or to the prohibition of disclosure by competent authorities under PRCIIFR or that Directive.

Recital 65

In order to ensure an appropriate definition of some specific technical provisions of PRCIIFR and to take into account possible developments in standards at international level, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 TFEU should be delegated to the Commission: in respect of amending the list of products or services the assets and liabilities of which can be considered as interdependent; in respect of amending the list of multilateral development banks; in respect of amending market risk reporting requirements; and in respect of specifying additional liquidity requirements. Before the adoption of those acts it is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level, and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the Inter-institutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making ( 13 ) . In particular, to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts, the European Parliament and the Council receive all documents at the same time as Member States' experts, and their experts systematically have access to meetings of Commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts.

Recital 66

Technical standards should ensure the consistent harmonisation of the requirements laid down in PRCIIFR. As a body with highly specialised expertise, EBA should be mandated to develop draft regulatory technical standards which do not involve policy choices, for submission to the Commission. Regulatory technical standards should be developed in the areas of prudential consolidation, own funds, TLAC, the treatment of exposures secured by mortgages on immovable property, equity investment into funds, the calculation of loss given defaults under the Internal Ratings Based Approach for credit risk, market risk, large exposures and liquidity. The Commission should be empowered to adopt those regulatory technical standards by means of delegated acts pursuant to Article 290 TFEU and in accordance with Articles 10 to 14 of ESAEBAR. The Commission and EBA should ensure that those standards and requirements can be applied by all institutions concerned in a manner that is proportionate to the nature, scale and complexity of those institutions and their activities.

Recital 67

To facilitate the comparability of disclosures, EBA should be mandated to develop draft implementing technical standards establishing standardised disclosure templates covering all substantial disclosure requirements set out in PRCIIFR. When developing those standards, EBA should take into account the size and complexity of institutions, as well as the nature and level of risk of their activities. EBA should report on where proportionality of the Union supervisory reporting package could be improved in terms of scope, granularity or frequency and, at least, submit concrete recommendations as to how the average compliance costs for small institutions can be reduced by ideally 20 % or more and at least 10 % by means of appropriate simplification of requirements. EBA should be mandated to develop draft implementing technical standards that are to accompany that report. The Commission should be empowered to adopt those implementing technical standards by means of implementing acts pursuant to Article 291 TFEU and in accordance with Article 15 of ESAEBAR.

Recital 68

In order to facilitate institutions' compliance with the rules set out in this Regulation and in Directive 2013/36, as well as with regulatory technical standards, implementing technical standards, guidelines and templates adopted to implement those rules, EBA should develop an IT tool aimed at guiding institutions through the relevant provisions, standards, guidelines and templates in relation to their size and business model.

Recital 69

In addition to the report on possible cost reductions, by 28 June 2020 EBA should – in cooperation with all relevant authorities, namely those authorities that are responsible for prudential supervision, resolution and deposit guarantee schemes and in particular the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) – prepare a feasibility report regarding the development of a consistent and integrated system for collecting statistical data, resolution data and prudential data. Taking into account the previous work of the ESCB on integrated data collection, that report should provide a cost and benefit analysis regarding the creation of a central data collection point for an integrated data reporting system as regards statistical and regulatory data for all institutions located in the Union. Such a system should, amongst other things, use consistent definitions and standards for the data to be collected, and guarantee a reliable and permanent exchange of information between the competent authorities thereby ensuring strict confidentiality of the data collected, strong authentication and management of access right to the system as well as cybersecurity. By centralising and harmonising the European reporting landscape in such a way, the goal is to prevent multiple requests for similar or identical data from different authorities and thereby to significantly reduce the administrative and financial burden, both for the competent authorities and for the institutions. If appropriate, and taking into account the feasibility report by EBA, the Commission should submit to the European Parliament and to the Council a legislative proposal.

Recital 70

The relevant competent or designated authorities should aim at avoiding any form of duplicative or inconsistent use of the macroprudential powers laid down in PRCIIFR and Directive 2013/36. In particular, the relevant competent or designated authorities should duly consider whether the measures that they take under Article 124, 164 or 458 of PRCIIFR duplicate or are inconsistent with other existing or upcoming measures under Article 133 of Directive 2013/36.

Recital 71

In view of the amendments to the treatment of exposures to QCCPs, specifically to the treatment of institutions' contributions to QCCPs' default funds, laid down in this Regulation, the relevant provisions in OTC ( 14 ) which were introduced therein by PRCIIFR and which spell out the calculation of the hypothetical capital of CCPs that is then used by institutions to calculate their own funds requirements should therefore be amended accordingly.

Recital 72

Since the objectives of this Regulation, namely to reinforce and refine already existing Union legal acts ensuring uniform prudential requirements that apply to institutions throughout the Union, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of their scale and effects, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.

Recital 73

In order to allow for orderly divesting from insurance holdings which are not subject to supplementary supervision, an amended version of the transitional provisions in relation to the exemption from deducting equity holdings in insurance companies should be applied, with retroactive effect from 1 January 2019.

Recital 74

PRCIIFR should therefore be amended accordingly,

Annex II is amended as follows:

1
in point 1, point (e) is replaced by the following:
‘e
interest-rate options;’;
2
in point 2, point (d) is replaced by the following:
‘d
currency options;’;
3
point 3 is replaced by the following:
‘3.
Contracts of a nature similar to those in points 1(a) to (e) and 2(a) to (d) of this Annex concerning other reference items or indices. This includes as a minimum all instruments specified in points (4) to (7), (9), (10) and (11) of Section C of Annex I to MIFID2 not otherwise included in point 1 or 2 of this Annex.’.

Footnote p0: This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 20 May 2019.

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